Adi Shamir is an Israeli cryptographer. He was one of the inventors of the RSA algorithm, along with Ron Rivest and Len Adleman. Also, with Eli Biham and Sean Murphy, he was one of the (public) inventors of the powerful technique of differential cryptanalysis.

In recognition of this contribution to cryptography, Shamir was awarded, together with Rivest and Adleman, the 2002 ACM Turing Award. Shamir is a member of the Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science of the Weizmann Institute.