Dr. Aroup Chatterjee, a physician born and educated in Kolkata and settled in UK, may compete with the journalist and author Mr. Christopher Hitchens to be counted as the most influential person responsible for much-needed reevaluation of the real achievements vis-a-vis the carefully nurtured global image of the Albanian-born Roman Catholic nun Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu aka Mother Teresa of Kolkata. He was instrumental in the first muted criticisms of Teresa to appear in the documentary named Hell's Angel shown on the British television channel Channel 4, narrated by Hitchens. He challenged the myth of the `simple' and `caring' Teresa in a meticulously researched book with the title "Mother Teresa: The Final Verdict". Along with Hitchens, he was one of the only two official hostile witnesses to church procedures for Mother Teresa's beatification.

He has faced much criticism, primarily from admirers of Teresa, many of whom appear to approach his work from a preconceived angle rather than with an open mind.