Cholesbury (formerly known as Chelwoldsbury) is a village in Buckinghamshire, England, on the border with Hertfordshire. It is situated in the Chiltern Hills, about five miles east of Wendover. It is one of the smallest villages in Buckinghamshire.

The village name is Anglo Saxon in origin, and means 'Cealwald's fort'. This name refers to the moated church in the village, dedicated to St Laurence, where once stood an ancient fortress. The moat and associated pond, known locally as 'The Bury' is fed by a spring, that is perpetual: it has never been known to run dry, even in the severest of droughts.