The word drink is primarily a verb, meaning to ingest liquids, see Drinking.
As a noun, it refers to the liquid thus ingested. It is often used in a narrower sense to refer to alcoholic beverages (as both a verb and a noun).
Can also be used metaphorically, as in to drink in the scenery.

A beverage is a drink specifically prepared for human consumption. Almost always it largely consists of water. These include:

Some substances may either be called food or drink, and accordingly be eaten with a spoon or drunk, depending on solid ingredients in it and on how thick it is, and on preference:

See also: food, vacuum flask, Wikipedia Cocktail Guide.