Katyusha (also called "Stalin's Organ") technically refers to a Russian artillery rocket used during World War II. It was fired from racks mounted on a truck. Each truck had 48 launchers. The rocket was 1.8 m long and had a 22 kg explosive warhead with a range of about 5 km. It was often used in huge masses to create a shock effect.

The term is now often used to describe small artillery rockets in general, whether they are Soviet-derived or originally built. Such rockets are often used in guerilla warfare, as by the South Vietnamese guerillas, Hezbollah, and Taliban. In this role they are more useful for their psychological effects than for the actual damage they can cause.

See also: Karine A, Mobile rocket launch system, Chelyabinsk, Qassam rocket, Hezbollah