Leroy Hood won the 2003 Lemelson-MIT Prize for inventing "four instruments that have unlocked much of the mystery of human biology" by helping decode the genome. Hood also won the 2002 Kyoto Prize for Advanced Technology, and the 1987 Lasker Award for Studies of Immune Diversity.

His inventions include:

  • automated DNA sequencer
  • device to create proteins
  • automated tool for synthesizing DNA

Hood co-founded the Institute for Systems Biology.