Common utilities admin anacron - Periodic command scheduler anubis - Outgoing mail processor apt - Advanced front-end for dpkg ar - Maintain, modify, and extract from, archives asa at - Single-time command scheduler awk - A pattern scanning and processing language basename - Returns the final component of a path bash - Bourne Again SHell, the most common shell on *nix systems batch bc - Calculator program bzip2 - Block-sorting file compressor c99 cal - Displays a calendar cat - Concatenate files to standard output cflow chgrp - Change the group of a file or directory chmod - Change the permissions of a file or directory chown - Change the owner of a file or directory cksum - Print the CRC checksum and bytecount of a file cmp - Compare two files byte for byte colon comm - Sort two files and compare them line for line command compress continue - Skip the current iteration of a loop cp - Copy a file or directory to another location crontab - Crontab file editor csplit - Split a file into sections determined by context lines ctags cut - Remove sections from each line of a file or standard input cxref daemonic - Interface to daemon init scripts date - Print or set the system date and/or time dd - Copy and convert a file debconf - Package configuration management system delta df - Report filesystem disk space diff - Compare two files line by line dirname - Strip non-directory suffixes from a path dot dpkg - The Debian package manager du - Estimate space used on a filesystem echo - Print to standard output ed - Traditional Unix text editor env - Run a program with modified environment variables eval ex - Text editor, now often a symbolic link to vim expand expr false - Do nothing and fail fc file - Determine the type of a file find - Search for files through a directory hierarchy fink - The Fink package manager fold - Wrap each input line to fit within the given width fort77 - Fortran 77 compiler fuser - Identify processes by files or sockets galeon - Light-weight GNOME web browser gencat get getconf getopts gettext - Message localization support grep - Print lines matching a pattern gzip - The gzip file compressor hash head - Output the first parts of a file iconv - Convert the encoding of the specified files id - Print real/effective UIDs/GIDs ipcrm - Remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory id ipcs - Provide information on IPC facilities join - Join lines of two files on a common field kill - Terminate a process lex - Lexical scanner generator link links - Console based web browser ln - Link one file/directory to another locale - Get locale specific information localedef - Compile locale definitions logger - Make entries in the system log logname - Print user's login name lp - Print a file (on a line printer) ls - List directory conents lynx - Console based web browser m4 - Macro language mailx - Email sending utility make - Used to determine which parts of a package need recompiling man - Manual browser maxima - Symbol manipulation program mesg - Control write access to your terminal mkdir - Make a directory mkfifo - Make a named pipe more - Pager mozilla - Graphical cross platform web browser mv - Move/rename a file or directory nano - Simple text editor newgrp - Log in to a new group nice - Alter priorities for processes nl - Number the lines of a file nm - List symbols from object files nohup - Run a command with immunity to hangups outputting to non-tty od - Dump files in various formats, e.g. octal openssl - Secure Sockets Layer and general crypto library passwd - User and group entries for daemons paste - Merge lines of files patch - Change files based on a patch file pathchk - Check the validity/portability of filenames pax pinepgp - Filters which enables pine to use signed/encrypted email pr - Convert text files for printing printf - Format and print data prs ps - Report process status pwd - Print the current working directory qalter qdel qhold qmove qmsg qrerun qrls qselect qsig qstat qsub read - Read from a channel readonly renice - Alter the priorities of an already running process return - Return a value rm - Delete a file or directory rmdel rmdir - Delete a directory sact samba - SMB and CIFS client and server for UNIX sccs sed - Stream editor sh - Standard Unix shell, usually a symbolic link to bash sha-pm - Perl interface to the NIST Secure Hash Algorithm shift sleep - Delay for specified time sort - Sort lines of text files split - Split a file into pieces strings - Print strings of printable characters found in a file strip - Discard symbols from object files stty - Change and print terminal line settings su - Start a new process (defaults to shell) as a different user (defaults to root) tabs tail - Output the tail end of files talk - Talk to another logged-in user tar - GNU tar - tape archiver tee - Read from standard input, write to standard output and files test - Test an expression time - Time a command times touch - Create a new file or update its modification time tput - Initialize a terminal/query terminfo database tr - Translate/delete characters true - Excel at doing nothing tsort - Perform a topological sort tty - Print filename of terminal connected to standard input type uname - Print assorted system statistics uncompress unexpand unget uniq unlink unset uucp uudecode uuencode uustat uux uw-imapd-ssl - Remote mail folder access server val vi - Text editor vtun - Virtual Tunnels over TCP/IP w3m - Pager/text-based WWW browser wait wc - Word/line/byte count wget - Automatic web site retreiver what who write xargs yacc yafc - Enhanced ftp client, supporting ssh2 (sftp) zcat zssh - Program for transferring files using SSH Desktops/Graphical User Interfaces Blackbox, and its variants (including Fluxbox and Waimea) CDE, Sun's GUI for Solaris GNOME KDE, the K Desktop Environment Mac OS X, Apple's NeXT-based GUI interface for the Darwin BSD-based operating system X Window System Multimedia The GIMP, a powerful image manipulation package The X Multimedia System, media player Database Servers DB2 Firebird MySQL Oracle PostgreSQL Sybase Database Clients Tora Network Services Apache httpd Jakarta Tomcat fingerd telnetd SSH Security Auditing tcpdump Ethereal ettercap John the Ripper Nmap Network Utilities ifconfig ip dhcpcd ping pppd Filesystems ext2 ext3 reiserfs xfs jfs ufs Filesystem Utilities ls mount fsck Desktop Publishing Groff TEX/LaTeX Scribus Conversion nkf - convert Japanese characters
