Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR)

Magnetoresistance is the property of some materials to lose or gain electrical resistance when an external magnetic field is applied to them. The effect was first discovered by William Thomson in 1857, but he was unable to lower the electrical resistance of anything by more than 5%. But now materials showing giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) are known.