The River Sheaf is a river in South Yorkshire, England. Its source is the union of the Totley Brook and the Old Hay Brook in Totley, now a suburb of Sheffield. It flows northwards, having for centuries formed the border between Yorkshire and Derbyshire, past Dore, through Abbeydale and north of Heeley, and then through the centre of Sheffield, where it is culverted. It re-emerges above ground at Lady's Bridge where it joins the River Don.

The city of Sheffield derives its name from the Sheaf.

The main tributaries of the Sheaf are the Porter Brook and the Meersbrook.

The river has been polluted upstream through centuries of industrial activity, including iron and steel working, and is only slowly recovering. Along the river can be seen the Grade 1 listed Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet and Beauchief Abbey.