Robert H. Bork (born March 1, 1927) is a well-known ultra-conservative judge and legal scholar who advocates strict constructionism of the United States Constitution.

Robert Bork advocates that the Constitution should be interpreted objectively based on the Framers' intentions. He was an activist for judicial restraint, reiterating that it was the Court's task to adjudicate, not to legislate, from the bench. This view has been followed more often in the legal opinions of conservative judges such as Antonin Scalia.

He started in private practice in 1954 and then was a professor at Yale Law School from 1962 to 1975 and 1977 to 1981.

He was Solicitor General in the U.S. Department of Justice from 1972 to 1977 and acting Attorney General of the United States from 1973 to 1974. As acting Attorney General, he is known for carrying out U.S. President Richard Nixon's order to fire Watergate Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox following Cox's request of tapes of Oval Office conversations. Nixon's Attorney General Elliot Richardson and the next man in line, Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus, left the office rather than carry out that order. The event is sometimes known as the "Saturday Night Massacre". Bork, next in line after Richardson and Ruckelshaus, was promoted by Nixon to acting Attorney General, and promptly fired Cox.

Bork was a circuit judge for the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1982 to 1988, and was nominated by President Ronald Reagan to the Supreme Court in 1987. He was strongly opposed by political groups favoring judicial activism. To pro-choice groups, Bork's strong views on judicial restraint, and his previous rulings stating there was no Constitutional right to privacy, were viewed as a clear signal that if he became a Justice on the Supreme Court, he would vote to reverse the Court's 1973 decision in Roe v. Wade. Accordingly, a large number of politically liberal groups mobilized to pressure for Bork's rejection, and the resulting 1987 Senate confirmation hearings became an intensely ideological battle. The Senate rejected Bork's confirmation with a 58-42 vote.

Republicans asserted that he had been treated unfairly in the confirmation hearings, in spite of the fact that they themselves attempted to apply similar 'litmus tests' to judges they deemed too liberal. Soon, a verb was invented from his name: to be borked is to be roughly treated and then fail confirmation at a Congressional confirmation hearing. Many critics attacked Bork's confirmation process as being purely ideologically based, and alleged that in the future, the only judges that would survive the confirmation process would be judges who had never ruled on, or publically spoken about their views on, controversial matters such as abortion.

Following his failure to be confirmed, he became a Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. He now researches Constitutional law, antitrust law, and cultural issues. He has also written several books, including Slouching Towards Gomorrah: Modern Liberalism and American Decline.

Bork converted to Catholicism in 2003.