Russian SFSR (Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic) was the largest and most populous of the fifteen former Soviet republics, and became the modern day Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

The country was run by the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR. Its capital was Moscow, also the capital of the Soviet Union.

The state was founded in 1918 by the 1918 Soviet Constitution. It was made into a part of the Soviet Union in 1922, an act later formalised by the 1924 Soviet Constitution.

Following the collapse of the USSR in 1991, RSFSR rejected a socialist system and went through reforms. It was renamed as the Russian Federation under the leadership of President Boris Yeltsin. The CIS, Commonwealth of Independent States, founded after the breakup of the USSR, loosely bound former USSR republics (except for Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia).

Even after breakup, Russia still remains the largest country in the world.

See Russia, Republics of the Soviet Union.