In Greek mythology, Theano was the wife of Antenor and mother of Laodamas.

In the Iliad, Theano was the priestess of Athena in Troy.

Theano was also the name of one of the few women in mathematics. Her father (an Orphic philosopher and physician) was a great supporter of Pythagoras. She was first his student, later his wife. She took over the Pythagorean school after his death and was responsible for the concepts of the Golden Mean, Golden Ratio, and Golden Rectangle.