William Johnson (December 17 or December 27, 1771 - 1834) was a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Johnson was born in South Carolina. He studied law in Princeton and graduated in 1790. In 1794, he married Sarah Bennett. He was appointed justice by Thomas Jefferson in 1804, as the successor of Alfred Moore.

Johnson died in 1834 in New York after surgery on the jaw.