Back River (Thlewechodyeth, or "Great Fish River"), is a river in Canada's Nunavut territory. It rises in Sussex lake, a small body of water in 108° 20' W. and 64° 25' N., and flows with a very tortuous course northeast to an inlet of the Arctic Ocean, passing through several large lake-expansions - Pelly, Carry, MacDougall and Franklin.

Like the Coppermine River, the only other large river of this part of Canada, it is rendered unnavigable by a succession of rapids and rocks.

It was explored by Sir George Back in 1834. Its total length is 900 kilometres.