The name "First Coalition" (1793 - 1797) designates the first major concerted effort of multiple European powerss to contain revolutionary France.
After the stated aim of the National Convention to export revolution, the guillotining of Louis XVI of France (January 1793) and the French opening of the Scheldt, a military coalition formed comprising:
- Austria
- Prussia
- Sardinia (at war with France since 1792)
- the United Kingdom
- the Netherlands
- Spain
North of the Alps Archduke Charles of Austria redressed the situation in 1796, but Napoleon Bonaparte carried all before him against Sardinia and Austria in Italy (1796 - 1797), culminating in the peace of Leoben and the Treaty of Campo Formio (October 1797). The First Coalition collapsed, leaving only the United Kingdom in the field (or rather, on the water) fighting against France.