Main Page | See live article | Alphabetical index Until the Modern Era, Latin was the common language for scholarship and mapmaking. During the 19th and 20th centuries, German scholars in particular have made significant contributions to the study of historical place names, or Ortsnamenkunde. These studies have, in turn, contributed to the study of Genealogy. For genealogists and historians of pre-Modern Europe, knowing alternate names of places is vital to extracting information from both public and private records. Even specialists in this field point out, however, that the information can be easily taken out of context, since there is a great deal of repetition of place-names throughout Europe; reliance purely on apparent connections should therefore be tempered with valid historical methodology. One caveat that must be observed, however, is that even Latin place-names are not always exclusive to one place -- for example, there were several Roman cities whose names began with Colonia and then a more descriptive term. During the Middle Ages, these were often shortened to just Colonia. One of these, Colonia Agrippinensis, retains the name today in the form of Cologne. This list includes Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and Kurdistan northwest of Arbil, This list excludes Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Britain, Channel Islands, Chechnya, Dagestan, Faeroe Islande, Iceland, Ireland, Kazakhstan, and Tatarstan. The following table begins to offer equivalents to more modern place-names. Suggest adding other languages to table Arabic form of city names Greek form of city names Following is a List of Cities stating the Latin and equivalent English name (s) Latin English Name, [(other name(s))] or [older name(s)], [province], [state] Abellinum Avellino (E of Naples) Aberdonia, Aberdonium Aberdeen, Scotland Aboa Turku, Finland Abritum, Abrittus Razgrad, Bulgaria Abruttus Abrud, Romania Acaunum Saint-Maurice, Valais, Switzerland Acharnae¹ Acharnes, (Acharnae) Menidi, Greece Adrianopolis Edirne, Turkey Aegyssus Tulcea, Romania Aeminium Coimbra, Portugal Aquisgrana, Aquis Granum, Aquae Grani, Aquensis urbs, Granis aquae Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) Ad Fines Pfyn, Thurgau, Switzerland Ad Mediam Băile Herculane, Romania Ad Pirum Hrušica Ad Mediam Mehadia, Romania Ad Stoma Bretcu, Romania Aegida, Capris, Caput Histriae Koper, Slovenia Aegina Aegina, Greece Agrigentum Agrigento, Italy Agrinium¹ Agrinio/Agrinion, Greece (Colonia Claudia) Ara Agrippinensium Cologne (Köln), Germany Albintimilium Ventimiglia Albona Labin Albunrnus Maior Rosia Montana, Romania Alexandropolis¹ Alexandroupolis, Greece Almyrus¹ Almyros some pref. Almyrus, Greece Alostum Aalst Altinum Oltina, Romania Amalia Åmål, Sweden Amivadum Amersfoort Ammurianum Murano, Italy Ampelum Zlatna, Romania Amphilochia¹ Amphilochia, Greece Amphipolis¹ Amphipolis, Greece Amphissa¹ Amphissa, Amfissa, Greece Ancyra Ankara, Turkey Anderlacum Anderlecht, Belgium Angustia Rasnov, Romania Antunacum Andernach Apuania Massa Carrara Apulum Alba Iulia, Romania Arrubium Macin, Romania Aqua Villae Badenweiler, Germany Aquae Flaviae Chaves, Portugal Aquae Helveticae Baden, Aargau, Switzerland Aquilia in Vestinis, Aquilia L'Aquila, Italy Aquincum Budapest, Hungary Arae Flaviae Rottweil, Germany Arandis Garvão,Ourique, Portugal Arbor Felix Arbon, Thurgau, Switzerland Arca Caesarea Arqa, Lebanon Arcidava Varadia, Romania Arconisium Racconigi Ardea Ardea Arelate Arles Arenacum Arnhem, Netherlands Argentoratum Strasbourg, France Argos¹ Argos, Greece Ariminum Rimini, Italy Arutela Calimanesti, Romania Assindria Essen Asturica Augusta Astorga Atalanta Atalante (Atalanta), Greece Aternum Pescara, Italy Athenae¹ Athens, Greece Atrans Trojane, Slovenia Atrebatum Arras Atuatuca Tongeren, Belgium Augusta Augusta Augusta Argentorate Strasbourg Augusta Perusia Perugia, Italy Augusta Praetoria Salassorum Aosta, Italy Augusta Raurica Kaiseraugst (Augst), Switzerland Augusta Taurinorum Turin, Italy Augusta Treverorum Trier (Treves), Germany Augusta Vindelicorum Augsburg, Germany Aurelia Orléans Aurelia Aquensi Baden-Baden, Germany Aventicum Avenches, Vaud, Switzerland Aviarium Aveiro, Portugal Badena civitas Baden, Germany Baetulo Badalona, Catalonia, Spain Balsa west of Tavira, Portugal Bangertium Bangor, England Barcino Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Barium Bari, Italy Basilia, Basilea Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland Batavis, Castra Batavorum, Castra Batava Passau, Germany Benacus Garda Beneventum Benevento Berolinum Berlin, Germany Berroea Verroia, Berrea, Greece Berytus Beirut (Bayrut), Lebanon Berzobis Berzovia, Romania Bobium, Ebovium Bobbio, Italy Bonna Bonn, Germany Borbetomagus Worms, Germany Boreana Burano Bracara Augusta Braga, Portugal Brema Bremen, Germany Brestum, Brestia, Brivates Portis Brest Brienzola Brienz, Switzerland Brigantium Bregenz, Austria Brigetio Komárom-Szöny, Hungary Brundisium Brindisi Brunsvicum Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany Brixia Brescia, Italy Burdigala Bordeaux, France Caesar Augusta Saragossa Calatis Mangalia, Romania Calcaria Tadcaster Calisia Kalisz, Poland Callatis Mangalia, Romania Calmaria Kalmar, Sweden Cambodunum Kempten, Germany Capua Santa Maria di Capua Vetere, Italy Caralis Cagliari Carnium, Carnioburgum Kranj, Slovenia Caroli Corona Karlskrona, Sewden Carolina Vetus Gamla Karleby, Sweden Carsium Hârşova, Romania Carthago Nova Cartagena Carystus¹ Carystos/Carystus, Greece Cassovia Košice, Slovakia Castra Ajdovščina, Slovenia Castra Regina Regensburg, Germany Castrum Novaesium Neuss, Germany Catalaunum, Catelaunorum Chalons-sur-Marne, France Celeia Celje, Slovenia Cenchreae¹ Kechries, some prefer Cenchreae (near Corinth), Greece Centum Cellae Civitavecchia Chalcis¹ Chalkida (Chalkis, Euboea, Greece Christinae portus Kristinehamn, Sweden Christiania Kristianstad, Sweden Cibinum Sibiu, Sibiu (county), Romania Civitas Kielcensis Kielce Civitas Sancti Romuli Sanremo, Sancti Remi, San Remu, San Remo Civitas Victoriosa Birgu, Malta Clagenfurtum Klagenfurt (Celovec), Austria Clivia Kleve, Germany Conimbriga Condeixa-a-Nova, South of todays Coimbra, Portugal Colonia Ulpia Traiana, Sarmizegethusa Ulpia Traiana, Romania Colonia Ulpia Traiana, Vetera Xanten, Germany Comaromium Komárno, Slovakia (Castellum apud) Confluentes Koblenz, Germany Constantinopolis Istanbul, Turkey Copinga Köping, Sweden Corcyra³ Corfu, Greece Corduba Cordóba Corinthus¹ Corinth, Greece Coronia Landskrona, Sweden Costanc Constance Cracovia Krakow, Poland Curia Chur, Graubünden, Switzerland Dalecarlia Dalarna, Sweden Dalecarlius Dalälven, Sweden Damascus Damascus, (Dimashq) Syria Dantiscum, Gedanum, Gedania Gdansk, Danzig Damma, Dammum Damme, Belgium Damovilla Damville Delphi¹ Delphi, Greece Deva Chester, United Kingdom Dertusa Tortosa, Catalonia, Spain Diadora Zadar, Croatia Dierna Orsova, Romania Diniensium civitas Digne Dioclea Podgorica, Serbia and Montenegro Divinium Devin in Bratislava, Slovakia Divio Dijon, France Dodona¹ Dodona, Greece Dorylaeum near Eskisehir, Turkey Dresda Dresden, Germany Drobeta Drobeta Turnu Severin, Romania Durovernum Cantiacorum Canterbury, United Kingdom Dyrrhachium Durrës, Albania Ebora Evora, Portugal Eboracum York Eburodunum Yverdon-les-Bains, Vaud, Switzerland Egara Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain Egiptania Idanha-a-Velha, Portugal Eindovia Eindhoven, Netherlands Elbinga, Elbingus, Elbinca, Elbangum, Elbingense castrum Elbląg, formerly known as Elbing, Poland Eleusis¹ Eleusis, Greece Emda, Emetha Emden Emerita Augusta Mérida Emesa Homs, Syria Emona, Aemona, Labacum Ljubljana, Slovenia Encopia Enköping, Sweden Eperiessinum, Fragopolis Presov, Slovakia Epidaurus¹ Epidaurus, Greece Erfordia Erfurt Falcopia Falköping, Sweden Firmum (Picenum) Fermo Flanona Plomin Flaviacum Saint-Germer, Flavigny Florentia Firenze (Florence), Italy Flumen Rijeka, Fiume, Terra Sancti Viti, Croatia Formio Rižana Forum Novum Siculorum Targu Mures, Mures, Romania Francofortum ad Moenum Frankfurt am Main, Germany Friburgum Brisgoviae Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Gades Cadiz Gedania, Gedanum, Dantiscum Gdansk, Danzig Genava Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Genoa Genova, Italy Gerulata Rusovce in Bratislava, Slovakia Gerunda Girona, Catalonia, Spain Gevalia Gävle, Sweden Glanum Saint Rémy-de-Provence Glevum Colonia Gloucester, United Kingdom Goettinga Göttingen, Germany Goslaria Goslar Gorlicium Görlitz, Germany / Zgorzelec, Poland Gothia Gothenburg (Göteborg), Sweden Gythium Gytheion, Greece Hafnia Copenhagen (København) Hale Suevice Hall in Schwaben Halicarnassus¹ Bodrum, Turkey Halifacium, Hortonium Halifax, England Halmostadium Hamlstad, Sweden Hamburgum, Hammonia Hamburg (Hammaburg), Germany Hannovera Hanover (Hannover), Germany Heraclium¹ Iraklion, rarely Heraclion, Crete, Greece Herbipolis Würzburg, Germany Herculaneum Ercolano Holmia (also: Stockholmia) Stockholm, Sweden Hudvicovaldum Hudiksvall, Sweden Ilerda Lleida, Catalonia, Spain Iluro Mataró, Catalonia, Spain Interamna Terni (Nahars) Isthmia¹ Isthmia, Greece, slightly E of Corinth Iuliacum Jülich, Germany Jader Zadar, Croatia Jassium Iasi, Romania Juenna Podjuna Juncopia Jönköping, Sweden Juvavum Salzburg, Austria Labellum Lavello Lagaholmia Lahoml, Sweden Lamego Lamego, Portugal Larnaca¹ Larnaca, Cyprus Laugaricio Trencin, Slovakia Lauriacum Lorch, Germany Laurium, Graecia (Thoricum bef. mid-0s century B.C.) Laurion, (Laurium), Greece Laurium, Hol., Laurum Woerden, Netherlands Lederata Rama, Romania Lentia Linz, Austria Leucas Lefkada, Lefkas (Leucas), Greece Lidcopia Lidköping, Sweden Lincopia Linköping, Sweden Lindaugia, Lindavia Lindau, Germany Lindesberga, Linda Lindesberg, Sweden Lipsia Leipzig, Germany Lithopolis Kamnik, Slovenia Locoritum Lohr, Bavaria, Germany Londinium London, United Kingdom Longatico, Longaticum Logatec, Slovenia Lousonna Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland Lubeca Lübeck, Lubeke Lugdunum Lyon, France Lugdunum Convenarum Saint Bertrand de Comminges, France Lula Luleå, Sweden Lupiae Lecce, Italy Lutetia Paris, France Magdeburgum Magdeburg Malmogia Malmö, Sweden Mantua Mantova some Mantua, Italy Marathon, Marathonis¹ Marathon, Greece Marburgum Maribor, Slovenia Massilia Marseille, France Medelpadia Medelpag, Sweden Media Medias, Sibiu, Romania Medicinum Mézin Mediolanum Milan (Milano), Italy Megalopolis¹ Megalopolis, Greece Megara Megara, (W of Athens) [Greece]] Messana Messina, slightly west of Reggio di Calabria Misnia Meissen Mirobriga Santiago do Cacém, Portugal Moguncia, Moguntia, Mogontiacum Mainz Monachium Munich (München), Germany Monasterium Bitolj, Republic of Macedonia Monasterium Westphaliae Münster, Germany Mosa Traiectum Maastricht, Netherlands Mutina Modena, Italy Mycenae Mycenae (Mykênes, -ai), Greece Naissus Niš, Serbia and Montenegro Napoca, Claudiopolis Cluj-Napoca, Romania Narbo Narbonne Naupactus Na(u)fpaktos, Greece Nauplium¹ Na(u)fplion, Greece Nauportus Vrhnika, Slovenia Neapolis Naples (Napoli), Italy Neapolis-Aemonia Novigrad, Croatia Neosolium Banska Bystrica, Slovakia Nemausus Nîmes, France Nemea¹ Nemea, Greece Neoplanta Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro Nesactium Visače Neviodunum Drnovo, Slovenia Nicomedia¹ Izmit, Turkey Nicopia Nyköping, Sweden Nicopolis¹ Nicopolis, Greece Nola Nola, ENE of Naples, Italy Norcopia Norrköping, Sweden Noreia Neumarkt, Austria Norimberga Nuremberg, Germany Nova Ionia (Athenae) Nea Ionia (Athens) aka New Ionia, Greece Nova Ionia (Thessalia) Nea Ionia (Thessaly) aka New Ionia, Greece Novae Sishtov, Bulgaria Novaesium, Novensium Neuss, Germany Noviomagus Nijmegen, Noyon, Speyer Noviodunum (Colonia Iulia Equestris) Nyon, Vaud, Switzerland Noviodunum Isaccea, Tulcea, Romania Novio Rito Niort Octodurum Martigny, Valais, Switzerland Odessus Varna Oenipons Innsbruck, Austria Olisipo Lisbon(Lisboa), Portugal Olmedum Olmedo Olympia¹ Olympia, Greece Olympias¹ Olympias (Olympiada), Greece Orchomenos¹ Orchomenus, Greece Orebrogia Örebro, Sweden Oresundae Öresund, Sweden Ossonoba Faro, Portugal Ovilava Wels, Austria Paeania¹ Paeania/Paiania, Greece Pampalona, Pampelona Pamplona Panormus Palermo, Italy Parentium Poreč, Croatia Partiscum Szeged, Hungary Patavium Padua (Padova), Italy Patrae¹ Patras, Greece Pax Iulia, Pax Augusta, Colonia Pacensis Beja, Portugal Pax Mariae Mariefred, Sweden Petina Pićan Phalerum Phaleron, Faliron, Greece Philippi Philippi, Greece Piquentum Buzet, Croatia Piraeus Piraeus, Greece Pisaurum Pesaro, Italy Pitovia Piteå, Sweden Placentia Piacenza, Italy Poetovio Ptuj, Slovenia Pola Pula, Croatia Porolissum Zalau, Romania Portus Alacer Portalegre, Portugal Portus Cale¹ Porto, Portugal Portus Naonis Pordenone Posnania, Poznania Poznan, Poland Posonium, Wratisslaburgium Bratislava, Slovakia Potaissa Turda, Romania Potidaea¹ Potidaea (Potidaia), Greece Praetorium Copaceni, Vâlcea, Romania Prusa, Brusa Bursa, Turkey Pyrrhanum Piran, Slovenia Ragusa Dubrovnik, Croatia Ramboletium Rambouillet, France Regiomontium Kaliningrad, Königsberg until 1945 Rhegium Reggio di Calabria Rugensis civitas Riga, Latvia Ratisbona Regensburg Rigomagus Remagen, Germany Risinium Risan, Serbia and Montenegro Rocium Roč Roma Rome, Italy Romula-Malva Resca Dobrosloveni, Romania Rotomagus Rouen Sablones Venlo Salamis¹, Cyprus Salamis, Cyprus Salamis¹, Graecia Salamis, Greece Salisburgium Salzburg, Austria Salmantica Salamanca Samarobriva Amiens, France Sandomir Sandomierz, Poland Saresberia/Serviodunum Salisbury, England Scalabis Santarem, Portugal Scodra Shkodër, Albania Scopium, Scupium Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Serdica Sofia, Bulgaria Silva Ducis 's-Hertogenbosch/Den Bosch Singidunum Belgrade (Beograd), Serbia and Montenegro Sinus Sines, Portugal Sipontum Manfredonia Siradia Sieradz, Poland Sirmium Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia and Montenegro Siscia Sisak, Croatia Solodurum/Salodurum Solothurn, Switzerland Spalatum Split, Croatia Sparta¹ Sparta, Greece Spira Speyer, Germany Stabiae Castellammare di Stabia Stenbrovium Stenbro, Sweden Stockholmia (also: Holmia) Stockholm, Sweden Stutgardia Stuttgart, Germany Sucidava Celei, Romania Sudercopia Söderköping, Sweden Syracusae¹ Syracuse (Siracusa) Taurunum Zemun, Serbia and Montenegro Tapae Poarta de Fier a Transilvaniei, Romania Tarraco Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain Tegea Tegea, Greece, near Tripoli Tergestum Trieste (Trst), Italy Terracina Terracina, Italy Thebae (Boeotia/Athenae) Theva (Thebes), Greece Thermopylae¹ Thermopylae, Greece Thessalonica, Salonica¹ Thessaloniki, Saloniki (Salonika),Makedonia, Greece Tifernum Tiberinum Citta di Castello Temesiensis Timisoara, Timis, Romania Toletum Toledo, Spain Tolosa Toulouse, France Tomis Constanta, Romania Tornacum Tournai, Doornik Traiectum Utrecht, Netherlands Traiectum ad Mosam Maastricht Trapezus Trabzon, Trebizond Tremonia Dortmund, Germany Tridentum Trento, Italy Tripolis (Graecia) Tripoli, Greece Tripolis (Lib.) Tripoli, Lebanon Tritium Covilhã, Portugal Troesmis Iglita, Romania Troezen, Troezena¹ Troezen, Greece Tubinga Tübingen, Germany Tulpiacum, Tolbiacum Zülpich (Tolbiac) Turicum Zürich, Switzerland Turoni, Metropolis civitas Turonum, Turonorum, Augusta Turonum, T(h)oronus, Turonica civitas, Caesarodunum Tours, France Tusculum near Frascati, SE of Rome, Italy Ulpiana Ljipljan, Serbia and Montenegro Ulmetum Pantelimonul de Sus, Constanta (county), Romania Upsala Upsala, Sweden Uraniburgum Uranienborg, Sweden Uranopolis¹ Uranopoli, Greece some prefer Uranopolis Urba Orbe, Vaud, Switzerland Urbs Mariae Mariestad, Sweden Urbs Notabilis Mdina, Malta Vadstenium Vadstena, Sweden Varadinum Oradea, Romania Varsovia Warsaw, Poland Veldidena Wilten, Austria Velitrae Velletri Vemmaria Vimmerby, Sweden Veniatia Vinhais, Portugal Venta Belgarum Winchester, United Kingdom Venusia Venosa Verulamium St. Alban's, United Kingdom Vesontio Besançon Vetera, Colonia Ulpia Traiana Xanten, Germany Veterosolium, Vetusolium Zvolen, Slovakia Vexionia Växjö, Sweden Vibiscum Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland Villa Euracini Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal Villa Cardilio Torres Novas, Portugal Vindobona Vienna, Austria Vindonissa Windisch, Aargau, Switzerland Viseu Viseu, Portugal Visingsburgum Visingsborg, Sweden Vitudurum Winterthur, Zürich, Switzerland Virunum Maria Saal (Gospa Sveta), Austria Volaterrae Volterra, Italy Volsinium Bolsena Vratislavia Wroclaw, Poland Wormatia Worms, Germany Ystadium Ystad, Sweden Zycanthus, Zacynthus² Zante (Zakynthos), Greece ¹ Latinized form of the Greek-derived name. ² Latinized form of the Asian-derived name via Greek. ³ Altered Latinized form of the Greek-derived name. partial list See also: List of Roman place names in Britain, includes Ireland, Faeroe Islands, and Iceland. Latin names of regions Latin names of European rivers Latin names of cities Latin names of communities Latin names of European communities Latin names of geographical features Latin names of islands Latin names of lakes Latin names of mountains Latin names of rivers Roman place names External link Place Names of Europe http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html This article is from Wikipedia. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.