The medication (usually taken in oral tablet form) has a calming effect, with potential side effects of drowsiness, clumsiness, fatigue, and headache. The drug can also have more severe side effects, such as blurred vision, slurred speech, and changes in normal behavior. The drug is habituating, and users develop a tolerance. Psychological dependence after several months of Xanax treatment is common. As a result, long-term Xanax treatment cannot be abruptly terminated, but must instead be slowly reduced in dosage over a course of weeks (as is the case with many drugs operating on neurotransmitters).
For more long-term relief of anxiety, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medicines such as Paxil, Zoloft, or Prozac are often prescribed.
In the United States, the sale of Xanax is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, and requires a doctor's prescription. Xanax has been associated with both physical and psychological dependency.
